平衡阀对车辆液压驱动系统的影响研究

Research on Influence of Balance Valve on Vehicle Hydraulic Drive System

为了改善轮式越野车辆的安全性和稳定性,研究驱动系统中关键元件平衡阀对轮式越野车辆液压行走驱动系统性能的影响.以某越野车辆的液压行走驱动系统为研究对象,建立平衡阀的理论分析模型,运用AMESim软件建立了越野车辆液压驱动系统模型,分析了平路行驶工况、下坡行驶工况下驱动系统中泵、液压马达和平衡阀的压力及转速变化情况,并通过试验验证了仿真模型的准确性.分析结果表明:平衡阀在液压驱动系统中具有平衡负负载、防止供油不足及下坡时防止液压马达失速的作用.针对下坡过程中的冲击现象.通过对平衡阀阀芯控制端阻尼槽槽深和阻尼孔直径优化分析,发现改变阻尼槽的槽深可以有效减小压力冲击,槽深由0.55 mm降为0.35 mm时,背压可减小12.5%.

To improve the safety and stability of the wheeled off-road vehicles,the impact of the key element balance valve in the drive system on the performance of the off-road vehicles hydraulic driving system is studied.The hydraulic driving system of the off-road vehicle is taken as an example to establish the theoretical analysis model of the balance valve.By means of establishing the hydraulic drive system model of the off-road vehicle through AMESim software,the pressure and speed of the pump,hydraulic motor,and balance valve in the drive system under flat road driving conditions and downhill driving conditions are analyzed.The correctness of the simulation model is verified through experiments.The results indicate that the balance valve has the functions of balancing negative loads,preventing insufficient fuel supply and hydraulic motor stalls under downhill conditions.In order to improve the shock in the downhill process,damping groove depth and orifice diameter at the control end of the balance valve spool are optimized.Through the analysis results,it is found that changing the damping groove depth can effectively reduce the pressure shock,and when the groove depth is reduced from 0.55 mm to 0.35 mm,the back pressure can be reduced by 12.5%.The theoretical model and simulation model provides a reliable basis for the further optimization of the hydraulic driving system of the off-road vehicle.