福清湾秋、冬浮游植物群落结构与环境特征

Phytoplankton Community and Environmental Characteristics of Fuqing Bay in Autumn and Winter

根据2020年10月和2021年1月福清湾海域的调查数据,对福清湾浮游植物的种类组成、丰度分布、生物多样性及其与环境因子的相互关系进行分析。结果显示,秋、冬两季共鉴定出浮游植物4门33属64种。秋季浮游植物丰度变化范围为4.01×10^(5)~24.20×10^(5) cell·m^(-3),冬季变化范围为2.79×10^(5)~24.28×10^(5) cell·m^(-3)。秋季硅藻门浮游植物丰度最高,占浮游植物总丰度的89.19%,冬季同样以硅藻为主,占浮游植物总丰度的98.93%。秋季浮游植物优势种为布氏双尾藻(Ditylum brightwellii)、琼氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus jonesianus)、旋链角毛藻(Chaetoceros curvisetus)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、劳氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros lorenzianus)、梭角藻(Ceratium fusus)、圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus sp.)、蛇目圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus argus)、泰晤士扭鞘藻(Streptothece thamesis)、束毛藻(Trichodesmium sp.);冬季优势种为琼氏圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus jonesianus)、布氏双尾藻(Ditylum brightwellii)、蛇目圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus argus)、中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)、卡氏角毛藻(Chaetoceros castracanei)、舟形藻(Navicula sp.)、中华盒形藻(Biddulphia sinensis)。冗余分析显示,影响福清湾海域浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子为:秋季海域中的亚硝氮浓度、氮磷比、活性磷酸盐浓度及盐度;冬季海域中的水温、硝氮浓度、活性磷酸盐浓度及亚硝氮。

Based on the investigation conducted on phytoplankton community and environmental characteristics of Fuqing Bay in October(autumn) 2020 and January(winter) 2021,the species composition, abundance distribution, diversity of phytoplankton and relationship between phytoplankton and environmental factors were studied.The results showed that 4 phyla, 33 genera and 64 species were identified.The phytoplankton abundance in autumn varied from 4.01×10^(5) cell·m^(-3)to 24.20×10^(5) cell·m^(-3),in winter from 2.79×10^(5) cell·m^(-3)to 24.28×10^(5) cell·m^(-3).The phytoplankton abundance of diatoms was the highest in autumn, accounting for 89.19% of the total phytoplankton abundance, while diatoms were also dominant in winter, accounting for 98.93% of the total phytoplankton abundance.The dominant species in autumn were Ditylum brightwellii,Coscinodiscus jonesianus,Chaetoceros curvisetus,Skeletonema costatum,Chaetoceros lorenzianus,Ceratium fusus,Coscinodiscus sp.,Coscinodiscus argus,Streptothece thamesis,Trichodesmium sp..And the dominant species in winter were Coscinodiscus jonesianus,Ditylum brightwellii,Coscinodiscus argus,Skeletonema costatum,Chaetoceros castracanei,Navicula sp.,Biddulphia sinensis.The RDA indicated that the key environmental factors that influence phytoplankton community structure in Fuqing Bay were NO-N,nitrogen phosphorus ration, PO-P and salinity in the autumn, while in the winter the key environmental factors were water temperature, NO-N,PO-P and NO-N.