等离子聚能脉冲电爆震回路放电特性及其冲击波研究

Study on discharge characteristics and shock wave of plasma shaped charge pulse electric detonation circuit

油田开发过程中,由于黏土矿物膨胀、出砂等原因导致储层堵塞渗透率降低,造成生产井低产及注入井压力升高,需要研发低成本无污染解堵增注技术,通过对比认为等离子聚能脉冲技术更具有优势。研究了聚能脉冲产生及作用机理,针对金属丝等离子聚能电爆炸的放电过程进行实验研究,归纳不同负载金属丝放电回路的电学特性参数和冲击波超压峰值以确定放电特性。开展冲击波——硅棒岩石实物破碎实验,研究2种材质、3种直径、5种长度下的金属丝爆破气化特性。冲击波破碎硅棒及岩石实验显示在近场冲击波的衰减较强,随着发射次数的增加,冲击波的作用效果可以累积。结合冲击波的超压峰值和能量沉积效率确定电爆炸最合适的负载为直径0.2 mm、长度在20~30 mm的铜丝。

The discharge process of metal wire plasma shaped energy electric explosion is experimentally studied,and the electrical characteristic parameters and shock wave overpressure peak of metal wire discharge circuit with different loads are summarized to determine the discharge characteristics.The physical crushing experiment of shock wave--silicon rod rock was carried out to study the characteristics of wire blasting gasification under two materials,three diameters and five lengths.The experiment of shock wave breaking silicon rod rock shows that the attenuation of shock wave is strong in the near field,and the effect of shock wave can be accumulated with the increase of emission times.Combined with the overpressure peak value of shock wave and energy deposition efficiency,it is determined that the most suitable load for electric explosion is copper wire with diameter of 0.2 mm and length of 20~30 mm.