论杜威“探究”概念对“知识旁观者理论”的改造

On the Transformation of Dewey’s Concept of “Inquiry” to “Spectator Theory of Knowledge”

“知识旁观者理论”是杜威对传统知识论的称呼,它们在根本知识观上坚持知识是主体对外部实在的再现。杜威立足于现代科学,对此提出了批驳,并进一步汲取借鉴皮尔斯的观点,批判性地提出了“探究”概念,重新解读认知主体、认知对象以及所得知识,以此来表达不同于“知识旁观者理论”的认知观点,实现“探究”概念对“知识旁观者理论”的改造。

“spectator theory of knowledge” is Dewey’s name for the traditional theory of knowledge,which insist that knowledge is the representation of external reality.Based on modern science,Dewey refuted it.Further,Dewey drew on Peirce ’s view and put forward the concept of “inquiry” critically.By reinterpreting the cognitive subject,cognitive object and knowledge,Dewey expressed the cognitive view different from “spectator theory of knowledge” and realized the transformation of the concept of “inquiry” to“spectator theory of knowledge”.