重型货车出车前安全检查的“遗漏项”

“Missing Items” in Safety Inspection Before Heavy Goods Vehicles Drive Out

货车,尤其是重型货车,之所以会被人称为“公路野兽”,是因为其不出事则已,出事往往是伤亡严重的大事故。有统计数据显示,因营运货车交通事故造成的伤亡人数占车祸事故死亡总数的比例高达83.3%。在对货车发生交通事故的原因调查、分析中,机械故障所致的占比高达90%以上,而除了检查制动系统的工作状态外,还有哪些直接影响行驶安全却往往被忽视的地方呢?本文通过三起典型的重型货车机械故障所致交通事故的案例,利用车辆构造及原理、痕迹物证分析方法等对故障形成的原因进行剖析,找出重型货车出车前安全检查的“遗漏项”。

The reason why trucks,especially heavy trucks,are called “road beasts”,is once they have an accident,and the accident is often a serious accident with serious casualties.Statistics show that the number of casualties caused by traffic accidents of operating trucks accounts for 83.3% of the total number of deaths in traffic accidents.In the investigation and analysis of the causes of traffic accidents in trucks,the proportion of mechanical failures is as high as 90%.In addition to checking the working status of the braking system,what are the places that directly affect the driving safety but are often ignored.Based on three typical cases of traffic accidents caused by mechanical failures of heavy-duty trucks,this paper analyzes the causes of the failures by using the vehicle structure and principle,and the analysis methods of trace evidence,and finds out the “missing items” in the safety inspection before the heavy-duty trucks leave the vehicle.