社会经济地位对安徽省成年女性乳腺癌筛查行为的影响

Effect of the socioeconomic status on breast cancer screening behavior among adult women in Anhui province

目的:了解安徽省成年女性乳腺癌筛查行为现状及社会经济地位对女性乳腺癌筛查行为的影响。方法:采取滚雪球抽样及方便抽样法,对安徽省1897名18~70岁女性进行网络问卷调查。选取受教育水平、家庭年收入、职业类型综合衡量社会经济地位。采用主成分分析构建社会经济地位综合得分。结果:安徽省成年女性的乳腺自我检查率、临床检查率和钼靶检查率分别为19.87%,13.65%和3.74%。安徽省成年女性的乳腺自我检查及乳腺临床检查均与受教育水平、家庭年收入、职业类型及社会经济地位综合得分呈正相关(P<0.01),而乳腺钼靶检查仅与教育水平、职业类型及社会经济地位综合得分呈正相关(P<0.05)。随社会经济地位的增高,安徽省成年女性的乳腺自我检查、临床检查及钼靶检查行为均显著增加(P<0.01)。社会经济地位中、高等女性实施乳腺自我检查的概率分别是社会经济地位低等女性的2.199、3.396倍,进行乳腺临床检查的概率分别是社会经济地位低等女性的1.994、2.921倍,进行乳腺钼靶检查的概率分别是社会经济地位低等女性的1.988、2.345倍。结论:安徽省成年女性的乳腺癌筛查行为存在明显的社会经济地位差异,社会经济地位较低的女性是未来乳腺癌防控的重点人群。

Objective:To investigate the current situation of breast cancer screening behaviors,and effects of the socioeconomic status on breast cancer screening behaviors among adult women in Anhui province.Methods:A total of 1 897 women aged 18-70 years in Anhui province were selected by snowball sampling and convenience sampling.The level of education,annual family income and occupation type were used to comprehensively measure the socioeconomic status.The principal component analysis was used to construct the socioeconomic comprehensive score.Results:The breast self-examination rate,breast clinical examination rate and mammography examination rate of adult women were 19.87%,13.65% and 3.74%,respectively.The breast self-examination and clinical examination of adult women in Anhui province were positively correlated with the comprehensive scores of education level,annual family income,occupational type and socio-economic status(P<0.01).With the increase of socioeconomic status,the breast self-examination,clinical examination and mammography of adult women in Anhui province increased significantly(P<0.01).The probability of breast self-examination in women with middle and high socioeconomic status were 2.199 and 3.396 times that in women with low socioeconomic status,respectively.The probability of breast clinical examination in women with middle and high socioeconomic status were 1.994 and 2.921 times that in women with low socioeconomic status,respectively.The probability of mammography in women with middle and high socioeconomic status were 1.988 and 2.345 times that in women with low socioeconomic status,respectively.Conclusions:There are significant socioeconomic status differences in breast cancer screening behavior among adult women in Anhui province.Women with lower socioeconomic status should be the key population for breast cancer prevention and control in the future.