湖州地区献血人群丙型肝炎病毒流行特征及基因分型研究

Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis C virus in blood donors in Huzhou

【目的】了解浙江省湖州地区献血人群丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染情况和基因型别,为建立控制HCV感染的预警机制,降低输血传播HCV风险提供依据。【方法】采用酶联免疫吸附试验对2019—2021年湖州地区108011份献血者标本进行HCV抗体(抗-HCV)和HCV核糖核酸(HCV-RNA)进行检测,并对HCV阳性标本进行基因型检测,统计分析检测数据。【结果】108011份献血者标本中,共筛查出HCV阳性33份,总感染率为0.031%。单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、献血史、职业、婚姻状况的HCV阳性率差异有统计学意义。进一步logistic多因素回归分析显示献血史、性别、婚姻状况3个因素进入最终模型,OR值分别为46.075、6.261和5.204。基因分型检测共检出4种基因型,5种基因亚型,以1b亚型最多(39.34%),其次为2a亚型(24.59%)。【结论】湖州地区献血人群中HCV感染率较低,但仍需加强对男性、25~34岁及45~岁、自由职业人群献血前干预,提高整体群体的献血质量。HCV呈现多基因型分布,以1b亚型为最常见。

[Objective]To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus(HCV)and genotypes in blood donors in Huzhou,and provide evidence for establishing early warning mechanism and reducing the risk of HCV transmission through blood transfusion.[Methods]A total of 108011 blood samples from donors were tested for anti-HCV antibody and HCV RNA from 2017 to 2021 in Huzhou.Furthermore,HCV genotypes were determined in the positive samples.Statistical analysis was then conducted.[Results]Among 108011 blood donors,33 were positive for HCV,with an overall prevalence of 0.031%.Univariate analysis showed that gender,history of blood donation,occupation,and marital status were significantly associated with HCV prevalence in voluntary blood donors.Further multivariate logistic regression showed that history of blood donation,gender,and marital status were included in the final model,with OR values of 46.075,6.261,and 5.204,respectively.A total of four genotypes and five subtypes were identified,among which subtype 1b was the highest(39.34%),followed by 2a(24.59%).[Conclusion]HCV infection in blood donors is low in Huzhou.However,it remains crucial to strengthen the pre-blood donation intervention for those who are male,aged 25‒34 and 45 and above,and with no regular employment to improve the blood donation quality.In addition,multiple HCV genotypes and subtypes are prevalent in Huzhou,with subtype 1b being the most common type.