基于“磷酸-铁粉”体系回收锂离子电池金属方法探讨

Discussion on Recovery of Lithium Ion Battery Metal based on “Phosphoric Acid-iron Powder” System

通过使用“H_(3)PO_(4)+还原铁粉”体系对废旧锂离子电池正极材料LiCoO_(2)进行湿法浸出以回收金属Co和Li。通过单因素和正交实验获得最佳浸出条件:磷酸浓度2 mol/L、温度50℃、浸出时间90 min、液固比35 mL/g、Fe粉添加量60%。结果表明,在最佳浸出条件下,Co和Li的浸出率分别达到96.1%、93.2%;通过沉淀分离滤液Co_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)、Li_(3)PO_(4)和Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)以回收金属Co、Li、Fe,其纯度分别可达到81.69%、87.83%、91.00%。通过使用新的浸出体系对废旧锂离子电池进行回收,不仅使实验程序更为温和,还保证了金属材料的回收率,为锂离子电池温和、安全、高效的资源回收处理提供了新的方法。

The“H_(3)PO_(4)+reduced iron powder”system was used to wet leach the cathode material LiCoO_(2)from the waste lithium-ion battery to recover metal Co and Li.Through single factor and orthogonal experiments,the optimal leaching conditions were obtained as follows:phosphoric acid concentration 2 mol/L,temperature 50℃,leaching time 90 min,liquid-solid ratio 35mL/g,and Fe powder addition 60%.The results showed that under the optimum leaching conditions,the leaching rates of Co and Li reached 96.1%and 93.2%respectively.The filtrates Co_(3)(PO_(4))_(2),Li3PO4,and Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)were separated by precipitation to recover the metals Co,Li,and Fe,and their purities reached 81.69%,87.83%,and 91.00%,respectively.In this study,the new leaching system was used to recycle the waste lithium-ion batteries,which not only made the experimental procedure milder,but also ensured the recovery rate of metal materials,providing a new method for mild,safe,and efficient resource recovery of lithium-ion batteries.