中国居民住房状况的新变化

Changing Housing Conditions in China

利用第七次全国人口普查数据分析发现,中国居民住房条件持续改善,居民住房状况也有了新变化。城镇居民的人均住房建筑面积已经达到全面小康社会的居住标准,家庭居住模式从原有的二代户为主转变为一代户和多代户二分天下的新模式,城市住房来源结构中购买商品房和租赁其他住房的比重明显增加。同时,西部地区和东北地区的居民住房条件均有大幅度提高,居民住房设施条件的地区差距趋于缩小。然而,居民住房状况的城乡差距发生着不同方向的变化,一方面,居民住房配套设施的城乡差距缩小;另一方面,人均住房建筑面积的城乡差距却在进一步扩大。虽然不同群体住房来源结构的差异仍然存在,但是城市地区不同职业群体的住房性质差异趋于缩小。

Data from the 7th National Population Census suggest that housing conditions in China have continued to improve in the past decade.The per capita housing area of urban residents has reached the standard of living of a comprehensive well-off society.The household residential pattern,used to be dominated by two-generation households,has now featured by a dichotomy between one-generation households and multi-generation households,and the proportion of buying commercial houses and renting other houses has increased significantly.The housing conditions in China’s western and northeastern regions have both greatly improved,and the regional disparity has narrowed.However,the urban-rural gap in housing conditions has been changing that the gap in housing facilities narrowing,while the gap in per capita housing area widening.While differentials in housing sources exist,differences by occupation in urban areas tend to narrow.