人类命运共同体视野下中资企业南亚直接投资保护

On the Security of China’s FDI to South Asia under a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

境外直接投资保护是人类命运共同体构建的重要路径之一,根据人类命运共同体构建的需要以及国际形势变化科学制定境外直接投资保护制度至关重要。近年来南亚地区的一些海外投资项目失利反映出投资保护实践成效不够理想,其中一个重要症结在于当前境外直接投资保护制度的内生结构性短板的本源性。从宪法中确立的人类命运共同体理念可知,中资企业南亚直接投资活动的内核是“投资自由”这一基本权利,在中资企业与国家之间构建起一种以“基本权利—国家义务”为核心的宪法结构模式并从中解构中资企业南亚直接投资的国家保护义务,,通过法治化定位来处理国家与中资企业之间的关系,为境外直接投资的制度设计提供有效的合宪性指引与评价,积极建构“立法+行政+司法”协同合作的以制度性保障为基础,贯穿事前—预防、事中—排除、事后—救济全过程的投资保护体系,回应中资企业南亚投资保护的诉求,夯实境外直接投资法治保护的基石,妥善化解旧全球化的掣肘,寻求后疫情时代及国际投资格局与秩序巨变中的中资企业海外投资推动人类命运共同体构建的法治路径。

The security of foreign direct investment(FDI)is critical for the development of a community with a shared future for mankind.It is important that scientific institutions are established to protect FDI on the basis of the developmental needs of a community with a shared future for mankind and changes in the international context.In recent years,losses experienced by several foreign direct investors in South Asia illustrate the inadequacy of applied security measures for FDI, with shortcomings particularly acute when it comes to the internal structural aspects of such measures.From the vantage point of the Constitutionally rooted concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, “freedom of investment”represents a basic right of Chinese companies engaging in FDI activities in South Asia.Adapted from this basic right as indicated in the Constitution is the duty of the state to protect FDI.In turn,the relationship between the state and Chinese companies is guided by the rule of law,which provides constitutional guidance and an institutional design for FDI.With institutional protections at its foundation,positive mechanisms which balance legislative,administrative and judicial measures collectively offer an investment protection system that can effectively offer preventative and mitigatory measures,while ultimately providing a means of redress.This responds to the needs of Chinese companies in South Asia vis-à-vis the security of their investments,while also consolidating the legal protection of overseas direct investments and addressing antiquated aspects of globalization.In the end,this offers a legal pathway for Chinese enterprises to advance the legalization of a community with a shared future for mankind vis-à-vis the post-pandemic era and dramatically change international norms with respect to international investments.