高等职业院校大学生社会支持自尊与焦虑抑郁的关系

Relationship between social support,self-esteem,and anxiety and depression among college students in higher vocational institutions

目的从高等职业院校大学生的社会支持力量、自尊、焦虑、抑郁4个方面对高等职业院校扩招后大学生的心理健康状况进行探讨。方法在“智为心理健康教育平台”采用领悟社会支持量表、自尊量表、焦虑量表、抑郁量表对2867名大一年级新生以班级为单位通过手机在指定时间内进行集体施测。结果高等职业院校扩招背景下大学生的焦虑、抑郁水平高于全国常模水平(P<0.01)。男、女生在自尊、领悟社会支持量表上差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。中等职业院校、高中毕业生在抑郁、领悟社会支持总量表上差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。来自农村和城镇的学生在抑郁量表上差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。焦虑、抑郁之间呈正相关,焦虑、抑郁与自尊、社会支持呈负相关,社会支持与自尊呈正相关。结论高等院校要及时关注不同性别、生源地、毕业类型学生在心理健康状况方面的差异,通过多种形式的心理健康教育宣传活动,帮助在校大学生掌握自我调节技巧,提高心理健康水平。

Objective To explore the mental health of college students related to social support,selfesteem,anxiety,and depression after the expansion of higher vocational institutions.Methods Social support,self-esteem,anxiety,and depression scales were administered to a sample of 2867 first-year students by cell phone using the Zhiwei mental health education platform at the designated time.Results The anxiety and depression levels of college students in expanding vocational institutions were more significant than the national normative levels(P<0.01).The differences between male and female students on the self-esteem and apprehension social support scales were statistically significant(P<0.01).The difference between secondary vocational college and high school graduates on the depression and comprehensive social support total scale was statistically signifi-cant(P<0.01).Significant positive correlations were detected between anxiety and depression,and between social support and self-esteem.Anxiety,depression,self-esteem,and social support were significantly positively inter-cor-related.Conclusion Colleges and universities should pay attention to different mental health statuses of students related to gender,place of origin,and gradua-tion types in time.Furthermore,they should help college students master self-regulation skills and improve their mental health through varied educational programming and outreach activities.