高糖对骨髓间充质干细胞作用机制的研究进展

Research Progress on the mechanism of high glucose on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

骨髓间充质干细胞的功能改变与功能障碍是糖尿病性骨质疏松病态骨代谢模式的根本原因。在长期高糖环境下,骨髓间充质干细胞生物活性及功能特性发生紊乱。具体表现为:高糖会促进骨髓间充质干细胞的凋亡、自噬、铁死亡及成脂向分化,抑制其旁分泌及成血管向分化,但在细胞增殖、定向迁移及成骨向分化方面仍存在一定争议。因此,深入研究高糖对骨髓间充质干细胞的作用机制,有利于突破糖尿病性骨质疏松症干细胞疗法的局限性,挖掘潜能优势。

The functional changes and dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are the underlying cause of the pathological bone metabolism pattern of diabetic osteoporosis. In the long-term high glucose environment, the biological activity and functional characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are disordered. Specifically, high glucose promotes the apoptosis, autophagy, iron death, and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and inhibits their paracrine and angiogenic differentiation. However, there are still some disputes on cell proliferation, directional migration, and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, in-depth study of the mechanism of high glucose on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is conducive to break through the limitations of stem cell therapy for diabetic osteoporosis and to explore the potential advantages.