新安江流域安徽段蚌类初步调查

Preliminary Investigation on Mussels in Xin'an River Basin of Anhui Section

为了解新安江流域安徽段蚌类种类组成及分布特征,利用徒手采集、三角拖网、抄网、蚌耙捕捞等方法,于2020年6月—2021年1月对新安江流域安徽段9个重要区段蚌类资源进行了调查。共采集标本2118份计23种,隶属1科(蚌科)10属,中国特有种达16种,圆顶珠蚌在各站点均为优势种。以昌溪河、扬之河区段蚌类多样性(香浓威纳、辛普森指数)和均匀度(Pielou均匀度指数)相对较高,丰乐河、练江河、渐江河区段相对较低。调查结果表明新安江流域蚌类资源较为丰富,但各区段蚌类分布与群落结构组成具有差异性。

In order to learn the species composition and distribution characteristic of mussels in Xin'an River Basin(Anhui section),the mussel resources from 9 key sections of Xin'an River Basin(Anhui section)were studied by either freehand fishing or using tools of triangular trawl net,dip net and mussel rake during June 2020 to January 2021.A total of 2118 individuals from 23 species were collected,including 23 species and belonging to 10 genera of Unionidae.There were 16 endemic species in China,and Unio douglasiae was the main dominant species in all sampling sites.The Shannon Weaver Diversity Index(H),Simpson Diversity Index(D)and Pielou Evenness Index(J)were relatively higher in Changxi and Yangzhi section but lower in Fengle,Lianjiang and Jianjiang section in compare with other study areas.Generally,our results indicat that Xin'an River Basin is rich in mussel resources though the distribution and community structure show differences in different sections.