机械搅拌预处理强化锂辉石和硅酸盐矿物浮选分离的研究

Study on Strengthening Flotation Separation of Spodumene and Silicate Minerals by Mechanical Stirring Pretreatment

通过搅拌和浮选试验、电感耦合等离子体光谱(ICP-AES)检测分析,研究了锂辉石和硅酸盐矿物在不同机械搅拌预处理条件下,矿物表面组分溶出行为和浮选行为。结果表明,随着搅拌转速的提高和搅拌时间的延长,锂辉石浮选回收率提高,长石与石英回收率基本不变,人工混合矿浮选分离效率得到显著提高。锂辉石表面Si组分的溶出量>长石>石英,且锂辉石表面Si组分的溶出量大于Li和Al组分。预处理后锂辉石浮选速率常数与其表面Si组分的相对溶出速率成正比,其表面Si组分溶出速率是决定其浮选速率的关键因素。锂辉石矿物表面Si组分大量溶出,导致表面Al和Li组分相对含量增加,促进了油酸根在表面的吸附,提高了锂辉石的浮选回收率。

The flotation behavior of spodumene and silicate minerals,such as feldspar and quartz,and the surface components dissolution behavior were studied by mechanical stirring test,flotation test and the ICP-AES detection.The results show that the flotation recovery of spodumene increased,but the recovery of feldspar and quartz basically unchanged,then the flotation separation efficiency of artificial mixed ore is significantly improved with the increase of stirring speed and stirring time.The dissolution amount of Si component on minarals surface is spodumene>feldspar>quartz,and the dissolution amount of Si component is also greater than that of Li and Al for spodumene.The flotation rate constant of spodumene after the pretreatment is directly proportional to the relative dissolution rate of surface Si components,which means that the dissolution rate of surface Si components is the key factor to determine the flotation rate of spodumene.The massive dissolution of Si components from spodumene leads to the increase of the relative content of Al and Li components on its surface,and promotes the adsorption of oleate and the flotation of spodumene.