竹枝词对清末贵州民族的误记--以刘韫良《牂牁苗族杂咏》为例

The Misremembering of Guizhou's Ethnic Groups in the Late Qing Dynasty by Bamboo Branch Lyrics:A Case Study of Liu Yunliang's Multitudinous Chants of Zangke Miao Ethnic Group

竹枝词具有浓厚的地方特色,对风土习俗多有记载,具有补史论事的功能。刘韫良《牂牁苗族杂咏》记载了贵州地区的少数民族文化,具有一定的史料价值,但其中的部分内容失实,如民族族称误记,民族文化释义错误,民族习俗张冠李戴等。导致失实的原因为《牂牁苗族杂咏》中部分内容非刘韫良亲身采风而得,而是因循古籍后加其刻板印象糅合创作而成。对竹枝词误记的内容进行纠正,并对其史料价值进行正确的判断,能更好地发挥竹枝词补史、证史的作用,可促进贵州地区少数民族习俗的深入研究,筑牢中华民族共同体意识。

Bamboo branch lyrics have strong local characteristics and many records of local customs,which has the function of making up history and discussing things.Multitudinous Chants of Zangke Miao Ethnic Groups records the ethnic cultures in Guizhou,which is of historical value.Some contents in Multitudinous Chants of Zangke Miao Ethnic Groups are untrue,such as misnaming ethnic names,wrong interpretation of ethnic culture,changing names and customs,etc.The reasons are as follows:some of the content in Multitudinous Chants of Zangke Miao Ethnic Groups was not picked up by Liu Yunliang himself,but created by copying ancient books and adding their stereotypes.To correct the mismemorized content in Bamboo branch lyrics,the historical value of Multitudinous Chants of Zangke Miao Ethnic Groups can be correctly evaluated,so as to better complement and verify the history of bamboo branch lyrics and promoting ethnic integration.