基于曲线通过性能的地铁车辆动刚度转臂节点参数优化

Parameters optimization of positioning nodal point of a rotary arm with variable stiffness for metro vehicle based on curve passing performance

地铁线路小曲线段众多,造成了地铁车辆车轮磨耗严重。当一系转臂定位节点采用考虑频变特性的变刚度转臂定位节点时,可以有效提高车辆的曲线通过性能和稳定性。首先,建立基于变刚度转臂定位节点的地铁车辆动力学模型,并分析其相关频变特性。然后,通过采用Kriging surrogate model-particle swarm optimization(KSM-PSO)算法对于变刚度转臂定位节点参数进行优化,其中以车轮磨耗和车体横向平稳性为优化目标,进一步优化出适合地铁车辆的变刚度模型节点参数。结果表明:采用优化后的参数其临界速度为211.8 km/h,相对于定刚度模型临界速度增大4.1%,优化后节点参数进一步降低了脱轨系数和轮轴横向力。最后,分析优化后参数对于小曲线段车轮磨耗的影响,曲线外侧车轮磨耗减小31.4%,曲线内侧车轮磨耗较优化前减小22.4%。因此,优化后动刚度转臂节点参数能够提升地铁车辆曲线通过性能并减小车轮小曲线上的磨耗。

Existence of many small radius curved tracks of metro lines causes serious wheel wear of metro vehicles.When the positioning nodal point of a rotary arm with variable stiffness considering the frequency variation characteristics is used,the curve passing performance and stability of the vehicle can be effectively improved.In this paper,a dynamics model of the metro vehicle based on positioning nodal point of the rotary arm with variable stiffness was firstly established,and the related frequency variation characteristics were analyzed.Then the Kriging surrogate model-particle Swarm Optimization(KSM-PSO)algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of the positioning nodal point of the rotary arm with variable stiffness,the wheel wear index and the lateral ride index of the vehicle carbody were used as the optimization indexes to further optimize the parameters of the variable stiffness model for the metro vehicle.Results show that the critical speed of the optimized parameter is 211.8 km/h,which increases by 4.1% compared with the constant stiffness model,furthermore,the optimized parameters reduce the derailment coefficient and the lateral axle force of the wheelset.Finally,the effect of the optimized parameters on the wheel wear in the small radius curved track was analyzed,and the wheel wear on the outside of the curved track was reduced by 31.4%,and the wheel wear on the inner side of the curved track was reduced by 22.4% compared with the origin parameter.Therefore,the optimized dynamic stiffness of positioning nodal point of rotary arm with variable stiffness can improve vehicle dynamics performance and reduce wheel wear of small radius curved tracks.