美美与共:绿松石与青金石的悠悠河畔之旅

Cultural Commonality and Diversity:Aesthetic Journey of Turquoise and Lapis Lazuli along the Ancient River Valleys

古往今来,宝玉石以其优雅的姿态,讲述人类大家族的精彩过往。以往玉文化系列研究多围绕形制、纹饰、质地、功能等方面探讨宝玉石与精神信仰、道德观念和身份象征等之间的关系,较少提及最直观的宝玉石色彩。本文从源于大自然的宝玉石色彩出发,以绿松石与青金石为例,着眼古中国、古埃及与美索不达米亚三个古老文明,从色彩认知、文物遗存、矿床资源与物质流动等方面追溯历史上人类与宝玉石的关系,旨在为推进东西方宝玉石文化交流与融合发展系列研究提供参考。绿松石与青金石曾在人类文明中扮演重要角色,人类与绿松石、青金石的关系反映了人类对于人与自然关系的思索。色彩依托物质,物质建构生活。在古中国、古埃及与美索不达米亚文明发展历程中,绿松石与青金石是社会身份与自然崇拜的视觉化呈现。源自绿松石与青金石的独特色彩依托各具特色的物质文化形式不断塑造着人类社会生活,这些物质文化遗产共同呈现出各地域多元文化共存与互动的景象。

Throughout the history of humanity,gemstones had always been accompanying human beings,and precious stones with beauty and significant value had constantly emerged with the wonderful heritage among ancient civilizations.Previous research on the culture of jade,especially the culture of jade in ancient China,were mostly carried out to explore the relationship between jade and spiritual beliefs,moral concepts,and status symbols from aspects of shape,decoration,texture,and function of jade.But color,as the most distinct feature of gemstones,is less often mentioned on this subject.This article sheds light on the color of gemstones which come from nature,specifically turquoise blue,and lapis lazuli blue,from three of the most influential civilizations:ancient China,ancient Egypt,and Mesopotamia.Our research traces the relationship between humans and gemstones from the aspects of color cognition,cultural relics,gemstones resources and material flow.The purpose of this study is to provide a reference for promoting research on the exchange,mutual learning,and integrated development of the eastern and western cultures encoded in the interaction history of human and gemstones.Turquoise and lapis lazuli once played an important role in human civilization.The relationship between humanity,turquoise and lapis lazuli is essentially able to reflect and reveal human thinking and exploration between themselves and nature.There is no color without material,and materials construct the life of people.In the development of the above three ancient civilizations,turquoise and lapis lazuli are visual representations of social identity and human worship for nature.Moreover,the color,derived from turquoise and lapis lazuli,constantly influences and constructs human daily life in various material forms that collectively constitute the scene of coexistence,diversity,and interaction of multi-re gional cultures.