评点之学与文学本位的回归——以舒芜《红楼说梦》为例

Study of Punctuation and Annotation and the Return to Literature:Taking Shu Wu’s Talks About A Dream of Red Mansions as an Example

中国文学研究要回归文学本位,有必要适当借鉴和吸取古代文学评点的理论、术语、视角以及方法。在这方面,舒芜的《红楼说梦》堪称范本。舒芜之前的红学研究,虽然取得了很高的成就,但也出现了考证烦琐、穿凿附会的弊病。《红楼说梦》借鉴古代评点之学的理论与方法,以鉴赏的眼光对《红楼梦》的艺术进行了精到分析。这一立场和视角,对此前的索隐派、自传说以及部分社会学批评,具有一定的纠偏作用。《红楼说梦》的学术个性和方法,与舒芜出身于桐城派文学世家、幼年接受过严格的传统教育有关。《红楼说梦》的成功,启示我们要在熟读与精诵上下“笨”功夫、苦功夫。

For future research on Chinese classical literature to truly return to literature itself,it is necessary to draw on and incorporate the theories,terminology,perspectives and methods of ancient literary punctuation and annotation.In this regard,Shu Wu’s Talks about A Dream of Red Mansions can be considered a model.Although the studies of A Dream of Red Mansionsbefore Shu Wu have yielded remarkable results,they have also presented drawbacks of cumbersome examinations and inaccuracies.Shu Wu’s book,however,draws on the theories and methods of ancient punctuation and annotation to provide a sophisticated analysis of the artistic features of A Dream of Red Mansions from an appreciative perspective.His position and perspective are a major corrective to the previous Suoyin school,self-legends and some sociological criticism.The academic personality and approach of Talks About A Dream of Red Mansions is related to the fact that Shu Wu comes from a literary family of the Tongcheng school and received a strict traditional education in his early childhood.The success of Shu Wu’s work has inspired us to be prepared to make“stupid”and painstaking efforts in familiarizing ourselves with the book and reciting it intensively.