H13钢基自润滑模具材料组织与性能

Microstructure and properties of H13 steel-based self-lubricating die material

采用粉末冶金法制备以H13钢为基体,Cr_(2)O_(3)为硬质相,CaF_(2)为润滑相的自润滑模具材料。使用扫描电子显微镜、电子探针及显微硬度计研究了不同的热处理工艺对H13钢基自润滑模具材料的组织与性能的影响。同时通过销-盘高温摩擦试验对H13钢、H13-10Cr_(2)O_(3)、热处理前后的H13-10Cr_(2)O_(3)-10CaF_(2)与2024铝合金对磨的摩擦性能进行了研究。结果表明,经过1020℃淬火+2次600℃高温回火后,材料的显微硬度和抗弯强度最大分别为391.29 HV和918.5 MPa,润滑性能和力学性能为最佳组合;通过450℃摩擦磨损试验发现,CaF_(2)的加入有利于提高材料的摩擦磨损性能,H13-10Cr_(2)O_(3)-10CaF_(2)经过热处理后性能最佳,摩擦因数和磨损率最低分别为0.467和6.61×10^(-5) mm 3·(N·m)^(-1),为铝镁合金的清洁锻造提供可能的解决方案。

Self-lubricating die material with H13 steel as matrix,Cr2O3 as hard phase and CaF2 as lubricating phase was prepared by powder metallurgy method.The influence of different heat treatment processes on the structure and properties of H13 steel-based self-lubricating die material was studied using scanning electron microscope,electron probe and microhardness tester.At the same time,through the pin-disc high-temperature friction tests,the friction performance of H13 steel,H13-10Cr_(2)O_(3),H13-10Cr_(2)O_(3)-10CaF_(2) before and after heat treatment on grinding 2024 aluminum alloy was studied.The results show that after quenching at 1020℃and twice high-temperature tempering at 600℃,the maximum microhardness and flexural strength of the material are 391.29 HV and 918.5 MPa,respectively,and the lubrication and mechanical properties are the best combination;through the friction and wear tests at 450℃,it is found that the addition of CaF_(2) is beneficial to improve the friction and wear properties of the material.H13-10Cr_(2)O_(3)-10CaF_(2) has the best performance after heat treatment,and the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate are 0.467 and 6.61×10^(-5) mm 3·(N·m)^(-1),respectively,which provides a possible solution for clean forging of aluminum-magnesium alloy.