生物炭对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响

Effect of Biochar on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Corn Yield

为了解秸秆生物炭对土壤容重、pH值、土壤性状、重金属生物有效性以及玉米产量的影响。在甘肃省酒泉市城郊农场开展不同生物炭量的试验研究。结果表明,施入生物炭后能显著改变土壤性状,有机质、速效磷、碱解氮、速效钾含量分别提高了3.3%~4.7%、11.1%~32.8%、0.5%~4.7%、26.7%~35.6%,且施入量越高影响越显著(T4>T3>T2>T1),土壤容重降低3.5%~6.3%、pH值提高1.8%~3.0%;施生物炭后对玉米产量没有显著影响,T4处理产量最高,比T1增产2.5%;施入不同量的生物炭可不同程度的降低土壤中重金属生物有效性。研究为生物质炭在河西走廊寒旱农业区土壤改良方面的应用提供了试验依据。

To understand the effect of straw biochar on soil bulk density,pH,soil properties,bio-availability of heavy metals,and corn yield.This experiment of different biochar quantities was conducted in suburban farms of Jiuquan in Gansu province.The results showed that after applying biochar,the soil properties could be significantly changed,the content of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium increased by 3.3%~4.7%,0.5%~4.7%,11.1%~32.8%,26.7%~35.6%,respectively,the higher the application rate was,the more significant the effect was(T4>T3>T2>T1),the soil bulk density was reduced by 3.5%~6.3%,and the pH value was increased by 1.8%~3.0%;the application of biochar had no significant effect on the yield of the most corn varieties.The yield was the highest under T4 treatment,which was 2.5%higher than that of T1;applying different amounts of biochar could reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals in the soil to varying degrees.This study provides experimental evidence for the application of biomass charcoal in soil improvement in the cold and arid agricultural areas of the Hexi Corridor.