电致变色超级电容器的研究进展

Research Progress of Electrochromic Supercapacitors

超级电容器具有功率密度高、循环寿命长、快速充放电的特点,在可穿戴能量存储领域展现出广泛的应用潜力。将电致变色与超级电容器相结合组装电致变色超级电容器(ESC),不仅能实现对外供电,又能随自身储能状态变化实时直观地改变颜色,监控器件的能量水平。文中围绕ESC电极材料的三种类型:无机、有机和无机/有机复合电致变色材料,综述了ESC在可穿戴电子设备、建筑节能窗和智能传感器等方面的最新研究进展,针对目前ESC所用电极存在电荷容量不匹配、离子迁移受限、循环稳定性及与基底的附着力差、界面分离开裂等导致ESC性能下降的问题,展望了未来采用结构设计、掺杂和复合等方式提升器件性能的发展趋势。

Supercapacitors have the advantages of high power density, long cycle life and rapid charge-discharge, thereby having a wide range of potential applications in the field of wearable energy storage.An electrochromic supercapacitor(ESC) assembled by combining electrochromism and a supercapacitor can not only serve as an external power supply, but also monitor the energy level of device by changing the color in real time with the variation of its own energy storage state.Focusing on three types of ESC electrode materials: inorganic, organic and inorganic/organic composite electrochromic materials, this paper summarizes the latest progress made in the research on ESC in wearable electronic devices, building energy-saving windows and intelligent sensors.The electrodes currently used in ESC have some defects, such as mismatching of charge capacity, limited ion migration, poor cycle stability and adhesion to the substrate, interface separation and cracking, lead to ESC’s poor performance.The future development trend is predicted that the performance of the devices can be improved through structural design, doping and compounding of electrode materials.