荣格集体无意识理论下《堂吉诃德》中的人物自性化发展过程体现——以桑丘·潘沙为例

The Development Process of the Individuation of the Characters in Don Quixote and Disappearing in Reality from Jung's Collective Unconscious Theory——Taking Sancho as an Example

在《堂吉诃德》的荒谬剧情之下,现实中的束缚被大大削弱,由此便给如桑丘一般的底层人物打破原有生活范式的机遇,从而为人物的自性化转变——即冲破阴影,走向精神和谐提供了发展的土壤。但小说终究难以抵抗现实冲击,纵然他们能在书中破除原有禁锢,但当我们将该群体扩大并放置在文艺复兴的时代背景下便发现,其因自性化而激发的良善特质依旧会被埋没。该文以《堂吉诃德》中的桑丘为例,从荣格集体无意识之自性理论角度分析底层民众的解放与束缚,诠释主流评价话语体系之外的民众积极特质的产生与消融。

In the absurd plot of Don Quixote,the objective constraints in reality were greatly weakened,which gave the bottom characters like Sancho the opportunity to break the original life and thought paradigm,so as to provide the development soil for the transformation of characters'Individuation,that is,breaking through the shadow and moving towards the spiritual harmony.However,the fiction was difficult to resist the impact of reality.Even if they could break the original imprisonment in the book,when we expand this group and put it under the era of the Renaissance,we will find that the good characteristics inspired by individuation will still be buried.This paper takes Sancho in Don Quixote as an example,and analyzes the liberation and restraint of the people at the bottom from the perspective of Jung's individuation theory of collective unconsciousness,explaining the generation and disappearing of the people's positive characteristics outside the mainstream evaluation discourse system.