以培养计算思维为指向的Scratch编程教学探讨

Discussion on the Teaching of Scratch with the Aim of Training Computing Thinking

近年来,基于计算思维培养的新型教育理念不断被提出并逐渐得到推广,创客教育、STEM教育、机器人教育、少儿编程教育等,都是以计算思维的培养为目的,旨在培养和提高学生的分析和解决问题的能力,以及创新意识和创造力。单纯讲计算思维培养,在现阶段中小学信息技术实际教学中难以真正展开,偶尔的涉及或浅层次的触探,都无法切实培养学生的计算思维能力。而Scratch编程教学正是为了响应STEAM创新教育而安排的教学内容,它面向青少年,与计算思维培养接轨,适宜用来作为培养学生计算思维的教学用书,让学生逐渐学会运用计算思维,解决各种问题。

In recent years, the new education concept based on the cultivation of computational thinking has been put forward and gradually promoted. Maker education, stem education, robot education, children programming education, etc. are all aimed at the cultivation of computational thinking, aiming to cultivate and improve students’ ability of analyzing and solving problems, as well as their innovative consciousness and creativity. It is difficult to carry out the training of computing thinking in the current practical teaching of information technology in primary and secondary schools. Occasionally involving or shallow probing, students’ computing thinking ability can not be effectively cultivated. And scratch programming teaching is just the teaching content arranged in response to the steam innovation education. It is oriented to teenagers and is in line with the training of computing thinking. It is suitable for teaching as a book for training students’ computing thinking, so that students can gradually learn to use computing thinking and solve various problems.