北冰洋太平洋扇区碳循环过程对环境变化响应的研究进展与展望

Progress and Prospect of the Response of Carbon Cycling to the Changing Environment in the Pacific Arctic Region

全球碳增汇需求高涨,海冰消退后的北冰洋被期待是一个主要的潜在碳增汇区。北冰洋太平洋扇区因受控于楚科奇海及其邻近海域较高的海洋固碳效率和碳深海封存量,在整个北冰洋碳循环中起着举足轻重的作用。开展该海域碳循环过程对环境快速变化的响应机制研究是实现北冰洋碳汇精准预测的基础。本文重点阐述了楚科奇海及其邻近海域碳循环过程(即海洋对大气二氧化碳的吸收、生物固碳、太平洋入流携带碳经陆架生物地化过程后向深海输出封存的陆架泵)对北冰洋环境快速变化的响应,并提出未来研究需要聚焦的关键科学问题。

With the demand of global carbon sink increase,the Arctic Ocean is expected as a major potential carbon sink after the retreating of sea ice.The Pacific Arctic Region,characterized with the high carbon fixation and large carbon flux into the deep-ocean for sequestration in the Chukchi Sea and adjacent waters,makes substantial contributions to carbon cycling in the entire Arctic Ocean.The response mechanism of carbon cycling in this region to the rapidly changing environment is the foundation for the prediction of carbon sink in the Arctic Ocean.This paper focuses on the response of the carbon cycling in the Chukchi Sea and adjacent waters(i.e.,the oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO_(2),biological carbon fixation,and the continental shelf pump that carries the Pacific-sourced carbon from the shelf region to the deep sea after biogeochemical processes occurring over the shelf)to the changing Arctic,and puts forward the key scientific issues that need to be resolved in the future.