不同采收期对野菊花质量的影响

Effects of different harvesting periods on the quality of Chrysanthemi Indici Flos

采集不同采收期(花蕾期HL、初花期CH、盛花期SH、终花期ZH)的野菊花及茎叶(JY)样品,建立野菊花水提物HPLC指纹图谱,并检测其抑菌活性.结果表明,野菊花样品生物量从高到低顺序为SH>CH>ZH>HL.化学指纹图谱结果显示,不同采摘时期的野菊花水提物成分种类由少到多、含量由低到高,在盛花期达到顶峰,继而转衰.对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡糖球菌的抑菌效果为HL最强、ZH较差.综合考虑生物量、化学成分及抑菌强弱后,在盛花期采收野菊花能够实现药材产量最大、药效较好、质量较优、综合效益最佳.同时能够节约劳动成本并实现资源综合利用,对保障野菊花药材质量、提高产量、实现产业高质量发展具有重要意义.

Chrysanthemi Indici Flos(YJH)samples of different harvesting periods(the bud period:HL,the early flowering period:CH,the full bloom period:SH,the final flowering period:ZH)were collected from September to October,and the stems&leaves(JY)samples of SH samples were collected synchronously.The HPLC fingerprint of the water extract of YJH samples was established and their antibacterial activities were determined.The results showed that the biomass of YJH samples was SH>CH>ZH>HL.The HPLC fingerprinting results showed:Along with the picking periods,the components of YJH samples water extraction varied from less to more,and their content increased gradually,which reached the peak during the full blooming period,and then declined.Results of antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus showed the bud stage samples is the strongest,and the final flowering stage samples is poor.By comprehensive analysis of biomass,chemical composition,and antibiosis,harvesting YJH in the full blooming period could achieve the largest output of medicinal materials,better medicinal effects,and better quality.Meanwhile,harvesting in the full blooming period could save labor costs and realize comprehensive utilization of herbal resources,which is of great significance to achieve high-quality development of YJH industry.