农林高等院校科技资源错配测度及影响研究

Research on the Mismatch and Influence of Science and Technology Resources in Agricultural and Forestry Colleges and Universities

根据资源错配理论,构建农业科技资源错配模型,测度2005-2017年农林高等院校科技人力资源和财力资源的相对错配指数,并对错配导致的产出损失和产出变动贡献进行剖析。研究发现:(1)农林高等院校科技资源的相对错配程度差异明显,从横向看,其人力、财力资源配置以过剩为主,纵向则持续处于过剩配置并逐年加重的趋势,且人力资源过剩程度高于财力资源。(2)农林高等院校因错配导致的产出损失呈现加重趋势,人力资源错配是主要原因。(3)各农林高等院校因科技资源错配所导致的产出变动贡献不尽相同,横向比较得知,资源错配对产出总体起到负向拉动作用,而纵向比较发现人力资源错配的负向拉动作用强于财力资源错配的正向拉动作用。针对研究现状,本文提出要从国家和农林高等院校两个层面出发,各自充分发挥调控作用,使得资源错配改善,增加科技产出。

Based on the resource mismatch theory, a mismatch model of agricultural science and technology resources was constructed to measure the relative mismatch indices of human and financial resources of science and technology in agricultural and forestry higher education institutions from 2005 to 2017, and to analyze the output loss and output change contribution caused by the mismatch. The study found that(1) the relative mismatch of scientific and technological resources in agricultural and forestry institutions of higher education varies significantly;horizontally, their human and financial resources are mainly over-allocated, while vertically,they are continuously over-allocated and the trend is increasing year by year, and the degree of over-allocation of human resources is higher than that of financial resources.(2) The loss of output due to mismatch in agricultural and forestry higher education institutions shows an aggravating trend, and human resource mismatch is the main reason.(3) The contribution of output change due to mismatch of scientific and technological resources varies among institutions of higher education in agriculture and forestry. A cross-sectional comparison shows that resource mismatch has a negative pulling effect on output in general, while a vertical comparison shows that the negative pulling effect of human resource mismatch is stronger than the positive pulling effect of financial resource mismatch. In view of the current research situation, this article proposes to start from the two levels of the country and agricultural and forestry colleges and universities, and each will give full play to its regulatory role, so as to improve the mismatch of resources and increase the output of science and technology.