创业地理研究的理论脉络与研究评述

Theoretical Thread and Research Review of Geography of Entrepreneurship

基于一个新兴学术领域发展的理论框架,运用文献计量法从差异化、动员(资源)和合法性建设三大元素梳理创业地理研究的理论脉络与研究进展。结果表明:创业地理研究热度与日俱增,经历了萌芽、快速发展、理论创新3个阶段;研究主题不断向系统化、多维度、多尺度、多样化演化,与相关学术领域的差异化不断凸显;以期刊和研究团体为代表的资源平台得到充分发展,关于创业的地理学学术阵地逐渐形成,分别以研究者D.B.Audretsch等、D.Urbano等、M.Wright等和Z.J.Acs等为核心的四大学术共同体共同推动着该领域的发展;在充分吸收相邻领域的成熟理论后,拥有了创业知识溢出理论、创业企业国际化理论和创业资源理论三大理论基础,合法性建设取得积极成效;创业地理研究基于自身的理论体系还有待完善,中国特色的理论创新和实践探索有待加强。

In order to judge the development status of this research field,this paper used bibliometrics to sort out the theoretical thread and research progress of geography of entrepreneurship in the three elements of differentiation,mobilization(resources)and legitimacy-building.The research found that the popularity of geography of entrepreneurship is increasing gradually,showing three stages of budding,rapid development and theoretical innovation.Research topics evolved to systematization,multi-dimensionality,multi-scale,and diversification continuously,and the differences with related academic fields are constantly highlighted.The resource platform has been fully developed,and the geographical academic position on entrepreneurship has gradually formed.Four academic communities,with D.B.Audretsch,D.Urbano,M.Wright and J.Z.Acs as their cores,jointly promoted the development of the field.After fully absorbing mature theories in adjacent fields,three theories have achieved:knowledge spillover theory,entrepreneurial enterprise internationalization theory and entrepreneurial resources theory.Legitimacy-building has positive results,but the theoretical system,the theoretical innovation and practical exploration of developing countries need to be strengthened.