连片特困区易地扶贫搬迁户生计策略选择影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Livelihood Strategy Selection of Relocated Poor Households in Contiguous Poverty-stricken Areas

以四省藏区、燕山—太行山片区和大别山片区为案例区,借助地理探测器、K-均值聚类分析法和二元Logistic回归模型,从个人禀赋、家庭禀赋、地理环境禀赋和农户分化特征4个维度分析影响搬迁户生计策略选择的因素。结果表明:(1)易地搬迁政策对生活在“一方水土养活不了一方人”地区的贫困户减贫效应明显,农户在搬迁后各类资源禀赋改善程度不同。(2)家庭经济收入水平受多禀赋因素影响显著且贡献度差异明显。(3)显著影响生计策略类型选择的因素存在明显差异性,并且部分因素对不同类型生计策略选择存在反向作用方式。(4)脱贫攻坚成果巩固政策的制定应着重关注显著影响生计策略类型选择的因素,因户施策引导搬迁户选择可持续发展的生计方式,实现家庭生计可持续发展。

With the help of geographic detector,K-means clustering method and binary logistic regression method,the research areas of Sichuan Tibetan area,Yanshan-Taihang mountain area and Dabie mountain area were used to analyze the factors affecting the livelihood strategy selection of the relocated households from the dimensions of individual,family,geographical environment and differentiation characteristics.The results show that:(1)Relocation policy has obvious effect on poverty reduction of poor households living in areas where“one side’s soil and water cannot feed one side’s people”,and the improvement degree of various resource endowments of farmers is different after relocation.(2)The level of household economic income is significantly affected by multiple endowment factors and the contribution degree is obviously different.(3)There are obvious differences in the factors that significantly affect the choice of livelihood strategies,and some factors have reverse effects on the choice of different types of livelihood strategies.(4)The formulation of policies to consolidate the achievement of poverty alleviation should pay more attention to the factors that significantly affect the choice of livelihood strategies,and guide the relocated households to choose sustainable ways of livelihood so as to achieve sustainable development of family livelihood.