头部含能杆入水穿靶释能特性

Energy Release Characteristics of Kinetic Energy Rod with Reactive Material Headduring Water Entry and Penetration into Underwater Target

目前,高速射弹入水冲击效应和活性材料都是水中兵器和高效毁伤技术研究的热点。为验证将二者结合应用于反鱼雷、反水雷、反潜艇等以实现高效毁伤水中目标的设想,对某活性材料进行入水冲击实验,并设计出一种头部带有活性材料的含能杆实验件及水中模拟目标进行入水穿靶实验。实验结果表明,单独的小质量活性材料以及头部含能杆在空气介质下的2倍音速范围内冲击入水时,在侵水过程中活性材料均不产生可观测的释能反应现象;若活性材料在撞水前发生释能反应,侵水过程中也会因压力迅速降低、热量快速流失等原因导致反应难以持续;当含能杆入水后继续侵水并撞击穿透模拟目标壳体后,活性材料在模拟目标内部发生类爆轰反应,产生增强毁伤效果。实验验证了将活性材料复合安装于动能杆头部用于攻击水中目标的可行性,为发展水中高毁伤性兵器提供了研究思路。

At present,both the impact effect of high-speed water-entry projectiles and reactive materials are hot research topics in underwater weapons and efficient damage technology.In order to verify the idea of combining the two highlights to cause efficient damage to underwater targets such as torpedo,mine,and submarine,water-entry impact experiments using a reactive material are carried out,and underwater target penetration experiments using kinetic energy rods(KE-rods)with the reactive material on its head are conducted.The experimental results demonstrate that when a single small-mass object made of the reactive material or a KE-rod with the reactive material on its head impacts water at the speed of about Mach 2,there is no observable exergonic reaction.Even if the reactive material releases energy before it hits water,the reaction would be impossible to continue due to rapid environmental pressure drop and rapid heat loss during penetration into water.After the KE-rod enters water and penetrates the shell of the underwater target,the reactive material produces a“detonation-like”reaction inside the target,which results in an enhanced damage effect.The experiment verifies the feasibility of an underwater-target-attack scheme in which reactive material is applied to the head of a KE-rod.The experimental results also provide a research idea for the development of weapon with efficient damage to underwater targets.