浅谈中国现代文学的现代主义及其特征

Research on Modernism and Characteristics of Chinese Modern Literature

发端于五四时期的中国现代文学(时称新文学),几乎与西方现代主义文学同时起步。中国现代文学从其发生之时起,就摄取、吸收了西方现代主义文学的丰富营养,显现出鲜明的现代特征。现代主义文学观念和表现形态作用于中国作家,丝丝缕缕,或隐或显,贯穿了中国现代文学的始终,形成中国化的现代主义文学,呈现出复杂性、异质性和本土性特征。具体表现为:在普通男女描写中,揭示人的迷失或扭曲;现实主义其表,现代主义其里;表现手法上吸纳融合,中西合璧。因此,中国现代文学借鉴、吸收了西方现代主义文学的观念和技巧,融合中国文学文化的优秀传统,比之世界文学毫不逊色。

Chinese modern literature, which is also named as new literature originated in the period of the May 4Movement, almost comes into being along with western modernist literature simultaneously. Accordingly, Chinese modern literature, with distinct modernist features, has absorbed the nutrition of western modernist literature since its emergence. In this sense, Chinese writers have been influenced by the conception and expression of modernist literature explicitly and implicitly in the development of Chinese modern literature. Therefore, Chinese modern literature demonstrates the characteristics of complexity, heterogeneity, and localization. They are mainly reflected in the following aspects. Firstly, the status of being lost and distorted is often revealed in the description of common men and women. Next, Chinese modern literature surfaces as realism but expresses modernism in nature. In addition, the technique of expression is characterized by the integration of Chinese and western styles. In a word, Chinese modern literature borrows and absorbs the conceptions and techniques of western modernist literature, and inherits the excellent tradition of Chinese literature and culture, which, therefore, makes it one excellent representative in world literature.