物理超高压处理对细菌和病毒的杀灭效果研究

Study on the killing effect of physical ultra-high pressure treatment on bacteria and viruses

目的研究物理超高压处理对悬液中和载体上微生物的杀灭效果。方法分别将细菌和病毒悬液及染病毒载体布片装在离心管或冻存管中,并用真空封口机封装在纤维袋等容器内,采用高压容器与增压机对其进行超高压处理,再用平皿倾注法和终点稀释法分别对不同压力与保压时间处理后的样本进行活菌计数及病毒滴度测定。结果在室温条件、静压力≥600 MPa、保压1 min时,对离心管内悬液中大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀灭对数值分别为8.08(完全杀灭)、5.53和3.07;在室温条件、静压力≥500 MPa、保压3 min时,对冻存管悬液中和纤维袋内载体布片上人类冠状病毒与流感病毒的灭活对数值均≥4.00;在室温条件、静压力为700 MPa、保压8 min时,对冻存管内悬液中脊髓灰质炎病毒的灭活对数值为1.50,对纤维袋内载体布片上脊髓灰质炎病毒的灭活对数值为3.24。结论物理超高压处理对细菌繁殖体有较好的杀灭效果,对亲脂病毒的杀灭效果好于亲水病毒。

Objective To study the killing effect of physical ultra-high pressure treatment on microorganisms in suspension and on carrier.Methods Bacterial and virus suspensions and virus-contaminated carrier of cloth sheets were placed in centrifuge tubes or cryopreservation tubes,respectively,and sealed in containers such as fiber bags using a vacuum sealing machine.Then,the samples were treated with different pressures and pressure-holding times,and viable count and virus titer were determined by the plate pouring method and the end-point dilution method,respectively.Results Under the conditions of room temperature,static pressure≥600 MPa and pressure-holding time≥1 min,the killing log values of Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in suspension in the centrifuge tubes were≥8.08,≥5.53 and≥3.07;under the conditions of room temperature,static pressure≥500 MPa,and pressure-holding time for 3 min,the log values of inactivation of human coronavirus and influenza virus in suspension in the cryopreservation tube and on carrier of cloth sheets in the fiber bag were both≥4.00;under the conditions of room temperature,700 MPa static pressure,and pressure-holding time for 8 min,the log values of inactivation of poliovirus in suspension in the cryopreservation tube was 1.50,and the log values of inactivation of poliovirus on carrier of cloth sheets in the fiber bag was 3.24.Conclusion Physical ultra-high pressure treatment has a better killing effect on bacterial propagules,and the killing effect on lipophilic viruses is better than that of hydrophilic viruses.