中小企业数字化转型:理论逻辑、现实困境和国际经验

Digital Transformation of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises:Theoretical Logic,Practical Dilemma and International Experience

中小企业对国民经济健康发展具有重要意义。加快推动中小企业数字化,是国民经济数字化转型的重要基础。中小企业数字化的理论基础是数据化理论、工业互联网理论、商业模式创新理论和线上线下融合集聚理论。在实践中,中小企业由于自身的特点,在数字化转型过程中面临着缺乏数据文化和数据管理实践、缺乏数字化转型意识和技能、缺乏足够的适合中小企业的数字化转型工具、缺乏明确的成本与收益分析框架、政策支持精准度不够等现实困境。由于中小企业在国民经济、就业、创新创业等方面的重要意义,各国政府都高度重视中小企业的数字化转型,并从顶层设计、政策性平台建设、政策精准支持等方面,加快推动中小企业数字化转型。我国应在培训、资金、数据、工具、生态等方面加大政策支持力度,为中小企业数字化转型创造良好的政策环境。

SMEs are of great significance to the healthy development of the national economy.Accelerating the digitalization of SMEs is an important basis for the digital transformation of the national economy.The theoretical basis of SME digitalization is the theory of datafication,the theory of industrial network,the theory of business model innovation and the theory of online and offline integration and clustering.In practice,due to their unique characteristics,SMEs face real dilemmas in the process of digital transformation such as lack of data culture and data management practices,lack of digital transformation awareness and skills,lack of sufficient digital transformation tools suitable for SMEs,lack of a clear framework for cost and benefit analysis,and insufficient precision of policy support.Due to the importance of SMEs in national economy,employment,innovation and entrepreneurship,governments of all countries attach great importance to the digital transformation of SMEs and accelerate the digital transformation of SMEs through top-level design,policy-based platform construction,and pinpoint policy support.China should increase policy support in training,funding,data,tools and ecology to create a favorable policy environment for the digital transformation of SMEs.