中国世界文化遗产保护管理规划发展历程及未来趋势

The Development Process and Future Trend of China Plan for Protecting and Managing World Cultural Heritage

世界文化遗产保护管理规划,是《实施〈世界遗产公约〉的操作指南》提出的遗产保护管理的重要举措。中国加入《世界遗产公约》以后,在保护管理规划方面做了持续的探索,结合中国文物保护体系要求,形成一套既顺应国际文化遗产保护管理要求,又符合中国文物保护法规体系的规划模式和工作方法。但是,随着世界遗产申报和管理的理念、策略和规程的转变,世界文化遗产保护管理规划也需要顺应潮流,总结已取得的经验教训,完善规划体系和制度,更多地关注遗产价值的保护与社会经济文化发展的关系问题,更主动地谋划世界文化遗产融入社会、经济、文化建设,为世界文化遗产的保护和可持续发展发挥更积极的作用。

Since China adopted the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, based on existing systems for protecting cultural heritage and their working mechanisms, it has intensified its support for planning the protection and management of heritage by establishing a system consisting of laws, regulations, and rules and regulating the institutions and processes concerning the application for the title of world heritage. China has also strengthened its supervision and management over the protection and use of heritage sites while continuously exploring preventative protection of heritage sites. Planning models and working methods have been established to meet international requirements for the protection and management of cultural heritage and comply with China’s laws and regulations on cultural heritage protection.Of course, emphasis put on the planning of protection and management of world cultural heritage is not enough at all. At some heritage sites, planning of protection and management of the heritage has been delayed, stopped, or out of date, or there is no planning at all. The completed plan has not been comprehensively and effectively implemented. Management plan has not been organically integrated into socioeconomic development and public’s livelihoods.Focusing on planning of protection and management of world cultural heritage, the author reviewed China’s protection and management of world cultural heritage, in particular, changes in China’s practices concerning its planning for heritage protection and management. By analyzing the causes for the above problems, it is necessary to propose effective solutions for the protection and management of world cultural heritage in the future.With changes in the concepts, strategies, regulations, and procedures concerning the application for the title of world heritage and management over world heritage, China is required to follow the trend in its planning for the protection and management of world cultural heritage, learn from its previous lessons, improve its planning system and institutions, pay more attention to the relationship between protection of the heritage value and social, economic and cultural development, more proactively plan the integration of world cultural heritage into social, economic and cultural development, play more positive roles, and contribute more efforts to the protection and sustained development of world cultural heritage.