我国小麦生产效益提升的产业化经营模式研究

Industrialiazed Management Mode of Improving Wheat Production Benefit in China

目的:通过分析我国小麦生产效益现状及存在问题,确定了小麦生产高投入、高产出、低收益是困扰我国小麦产业可持续发展的主要问题。小麦生产成本持续增高、产业链后端消费对前端优质小麦生产的市场拉动力不足是导致效益低的2个主要原因。方法:通过调研主产区的先进模式和经验,剖析3种经营模式的运行机制和特征,总结提升我国小麦生产效益的产业化经营模式。结果:以新型经营主体为主导的“适度规模种养循环”、以龙头加工企业为主导的“产加销一体化经营”和以地方政府为主导的“优质小麦三链同构”等发展模式是行之有效的提升小麦生产效益的产业化经营模式。结论:产业化经营是提升小麦生产效益的重要途径。

Objective:By analyzing the current situation and existing problems of wheat production benefits in China,it is determined that high input,high output and low income of wheat production are the main problems that perplex the sustainable development of China’s wheat industry.The continuous increase of wheat production cost and the lack of market pull force from the back-end consumption of the industrial chain to the front-end high-quality wheat production are the two main reasons for low efficiency.Methods:By investigating the advanced models and experiences of the main production areas,the operating mechanisms and characteristics of the three business models were analyzed,and the industrialized business models to improve the wheat production efficiency in China were summarized.Results:The development models of“moderate scale planting and breeding cycle”led by the new business entity,“integrated production,processing and marketing”led by the leading processing enterprises,and“three chain isomorphism of high-quality wheat”led by the local government are effective industrial management models to improve the wheat production efficiency.Conclusion:Industrialized management is an important way to improve wheat production efficiency.