早产儿血清25羟基维生素D水平与呼吸窘迫综合征关系的临床研究

Clinical Study of Relationship Between Serum 25(OH)D Level and Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Infants

目的探究极低出生体质量早产儿血清25(OH)D水平与呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)的关系。方法选取2020年1月—2021年6月在右江民族医学院附属医院新生儿科住院的85例极低出生体质量早产儿为研究对象,并将参与研究的早产儿分为RDS组(发生RDS)45例和正常组(未发生RDS)40例。依据所收集的一般临床资料进行临床特征、住院情况、血清25(OH)D水平分析,并分析极低出生体质量早产儿血清25(OH)D水平与RDS的相关性。结果在住院情况方面,RDS组的机械通气时间、持续正压通气(continuous positive airway pressure,CPAP)时间、吸氧时间和住院天数均明显多于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且RDS组接受PS治疗28例(62.22%)明显高于正常组的0,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在25(OH)D方面,RDS组25(OH)D缺乏发生率73.33%明显高于正常组12.50%;且RDS组25(OH)D水平明显低于正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归中得出:25(OH)D缺乏是极低出生体质量早产儿RDS的危险因素(OR=0.052,P<0.05)。剖宫产、新生儿窒息等因素不是早产儿RDS的危险因素(OR=0.416、0.369,P>0.05)。结论极低出生体质量早产儿25(OH)D缺乏的发生率高,且是RDS发生的危险因素,应科学做好极低出生体质量早产儿血清25(OH)D缺乏的预防措施。

Objective To explore the relationship between serum 25(OH)D level and respiratory distress syndrome(RDS)in very low birth weight preterm infants.Methods A total of 85 very low birth weight preterm infants hospitalized in the neonatal department of Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the research object,and the preterm infants participating in the study were divided into 45 cases in RDS group(with RDS)and 40 cases in normal group(without RDS).According to the collected general clinical data,the clinical characteristics,hospitalization and serum 25(OH)D level were analyzed,and the correlation between serum 25(OH)D level and RDS in very low birth weight preterm infants was analyzed.Results In terms of hospitalization,the mechanical ventilation time,continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)time,oxygen inhalation time and hospitalization days in RDS group were significantly longer than those in normal group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and 28 cases(62.22%)in RDS group were significantly higher than those in normal group(0),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In terms of 25(OH)D,the incidence of 25(OH)D deficiency in the RDS group was 73.33%,which was significantly higher than in the normal group;and the level of 25(OH)D in the RDS group was significantly lower than that in the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that 25(OH)D deficiency was a risk factor for RDS in very low birth weight preterm infants(OR=0.052,P<0.05).Caesarean section,neonatal asphyxia and other factors were not risk factors for RDS in premature infants(OR=0.416,0.369,P>0.05).Conclusion The incidence of 25(OH)D deficiency in very low birth weight preterm infants is high,and it is a risk factor for RDS.The preventive measures for serum 25(OH)D deficiency in very low birth weight premature infants should be done scientifically.