基于碳汇和游憩服务协同提升的北京市第二道绿化隔离地区郊野公园环空间布局优化

Spatial layout optimization of country parks in the second green belt of Beijing municipality area based on the coordinated improvement of carbon sequestration and recreational services

【目的】快速的城市化建设导致全球变暖、游憩空间缺失等一系列生态及社会问题,严重影响了城市生态环境及人类健康,制约了社会经济的可持续发展。针对地处城市边缘地区的北京第二道绿化隔离地区进行基于碳汇和游憩服务协同提升的郊野公园环空间布局优化研究具有重要意义。【方法】研究基于RS与GIS技术,首先利用CASA模型计算区域提供的植被净初级生产力用以表征区域内生态空间可提供的碳汇量的时空分布趋势;其次,应用核密度分析模型与邻域分析探究区域综合游憩功能的时空分布强弱,利用最小累计阻力模型帮助识别潜在游憩廊道;最后,应用CA-Marcov复合模型预测2023年区域生态空间格局变化趋势,全面支撑北京第二道绿化隔离地区郊野公园环的优化选址。【结果】综合不同区域所提供的碳汇服务及游憩潜力的差异,结合北京第二道绿化隔离地区现状生态空间分布情况以及2023年生态空间格局演变模拟结果,共筛选出59处以碳汇和游憩服务协同发展为导向的郊野公园拟建用地范围。【结论】协同提升碳汇与游憩两类功能的郊野公园选址方法具有一定的空间定量化研究优势,相关评价结果可为北京第二道绿化隔离地区郊野公园环的空间布局优化和其他生态空间建设提供科学依据。

[Objective]The rapid urbanization construction leads to a series of ecological and social problems such as global warming and lack of recreational space,which seriously affects the urban ecological environment and human health,as well as restricts the sustainable development of social economy.For the second green belt in Beijing,which is located in the urban fringe,it is of great significance to study the spatial optimization of country park ring layout based on the coordinated improvement of carbon sequestration and recreational services.[Method]Based on RS and GIS technology,firstly,the net primary productivity provided by the region was calculated by CASA model to characterize the temporal and spatial distribution trend of carbon sequestration service provided by ecological space.Secondly,the kernel density analysis model and neighborhood analysis were used to explore the temporal and spatial distribution of regional comprehensive recreational function.Minimum cumulative resistance model was used to help identify the potential recreational corridors.Finally,the CA-Marcov composite model was applied to predict the changing trend of the ecological spatial pattern in 2023,so as to comprehensively support the optimal location of country park ring in the second green belt of Beijing municipality area.[Result]Based on the differences of carbon sequestration services and recreation potential provided by different regions,combined with the current ecological spatial distribution of the second green belt in Beijing and the simulation results of the evolution of ecological spatial pattern in 2023,59 proposed land areas of country parks guided by the coordinated development of carbon sequestration and recreational services were selected.[Conclusion]The country park ring site selection method that cooperatively improves the two functions of carbon sequestration and recreation has certain advantages in spatial quantitative research.The relevant evaluation results provide a scientific basis for the layout optimization of country park ring and other ecological space construction in the second green belt of Beijing.