城镇化对农村能源贫困影响的实证研究——基于城乡相对贫困视角

Empirical Study of Effects of Urbanization on Rural Energy Poverty:From the Perspective of Urban-Rural Relative Poverty

基于2005—2018年省级面板数据,运用面板分位回归模型,以城乡相对贫困视角下的农村能源贫困为被解释变量,以城镇化发展水平为核心解释变量,并纳入经济发展水平、农村能源推广管理机构情况等控制变量,研究城镇化发展对农村能源贫困的影响。结果表明:(1)消费数量维度下的农村能源贫困比消费结构维度下的农村能源贫困分布范围更广且贫困程度更深;(2)城镇化发展水平与经济发展水平皆可对农村能源贫困产生负向影响,但这种负向影响具有空间异质性,随着农村能源贫困程度下降,城镇化发展水平对其的负向影响呈强化趋势,而经济发展水平对其的负向影响呈弱化趋势;(3)农村能源推广管理机构情况对农村能源贫困的影响具有明显的因素异质性,强化机构的基层结构与提升机构人员文化水平比单纯扩充农村能源推广管理机构人员数量更有利于缓解农村能源贫困。基于此,提出了缩小城乡相对贫困视角下农村能源贫困程度的政策启示。

Based on the panel data of provinces in China during 2005-2018,this article uses the panel partition regression model to research the effect of urbanization on rural energy poverty.The dependent variable is the rural energy poverty from perspective of urban-rural relative poverty,the independent variable is urbanization rate,and economic development,rural energy management related conditions are adopted as control variables.The results show that:(1)The consumption quantity related rural energy poverty is more widely distributed and deeper than the consumption structure related rural energy poverty.(2)Urbanization and economic development can both pose negative effects on rural energy poverty,but these effects have spatial heterogeneity,with the decline of rural energy poverty,the negative effects from urbanization is strengthening,but the negative effects from economic development is weakening.(3)The rural energy management related conditions pose a different effects on rural energy poverty,intensifying the rural energy management staff from township level,or improving the education level of the whole rural energy management staff,which will be more efficient than expanding the rural energy management staff merely for relieving the rural energy poverty.Therefore,relevant policy suggestions are proposed to relieve the rural energy poverty from the perspective of urban-rural relative poverty.