地方政府支出的生态安全效应研究

Study on the Ecological Security Effects of Local Government Fiscal Expenditure

基于2007—2019年我国31个省份的面板数据,从生态安全所包含的三大方面出发,利用熵值法和主成分分析法综合评价各省份生态安全情况,并通过回归模型分析我国地方政府支出对生态安全的影响。研究结果表明:(1)近些年来,我国生态安全等级逐渐提高,人均水资源量、进出口额、国内专利申请授权量是影响我国生态安全的三大重要因素;(2)通过基准回归和工具变量方法发现,政府总支出、经济服务支出、社会服务支出和环境服务支出均能够显著提高我国生态安全等级;(3)通过分时段分析发现,不同时间段的政府总支出、经济服务支出、社会服务支出、环境服务支出均能够显著促进生态安全的提高;(4)区域性分析中发现,地方政府支出对生态安全的促进作用在东部地区最为有效,其次是中部地区,最后为西部地区,但社会服务支出和环境服务支出在西部地区对生态安全的促进作用并不显著。基于研究结果,本文针对提高我国生态安全等级提出了相应的对策建议。

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2007 to 2019,this paper comprehensively evaluates the ecological security of each province from the three major aspects included in ecological security by using entropy value method and principal component analysis,and analyzes the impact of local government expenditure on ecological security in China through regression models.The research results show that:(1)In recent years,the ecological security level in China has gradually improved,and the amount of water resources per capita,import and export volume,and the number of domestic patent applications granted are the three important factors affecting ecological security in China;(2)Through baseline regression and instrumental variables methods,it is found that total government expenditures,economic service expenditures,social service expenditures and environmental service expenditures can significantly improve ecological security;(3)Through the sub-temporal analysis we found that total government expenditure,economic service expenditure,social service expenditure,and environmental service expenditure in different time periods can significantly promote ecological safety;(4)The regional analysis found that the promotion effect of local government expenditure on ecological safety is the most effective in the eastern region,followed by the central region,and finally the western region;However,the promotion effect of social service expenditure and environmental protection expenditure on ecological safety in the western region is not significant.Based on the research results,this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures to improve the ecological security level in China.