考虑道路受损的震后应急物资运输路径优化

Optimization of the Transportation Route of Emergency Supplies after the Earthquake Considering the Road Damage

为了在地震发生时提高应急物资配送效率,降低人员伤亡与经济损失,将道路受损作为影响应急物资配送的重要因素。以多应急物资种类、多配送中心为背景,考虑应急物资配送时间窗约束,建立总时间和总成本最小的双目标模型。结合模型的特点,设计了遗传算法与模拟退火算法相结合的混合算法,算例结果表明:所提算法具有较快的收敛速度和求解结果。进一步对比考虑道路受损和不考虑道路受损的情况,结果表明:考虑道路受损在配送总时间、总费用和产生惩罚成本的时间都有所降低,进一步验证了模型的优越性。可见所建模型和所提算法可以有效地解决考虑道路受损的应急物资配送路径优化问题,提高应急物流效率,减少地震带来的损失。

In order to improve the efficiency of emergency supplies distribution during an earthquake,reduce casualties and economic losses,road damage was considered as an important factor affecting the distribution of emergency supplies.According to the characteristics of earthquake emergency material distribution,considering the time window constraints of emergency material distribution,a dual-objective model of total time function and total cost function was established.Combining the characteristics of the model,a hybrid algorithm combining genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm was designed.The result of calculation example shows that the proposed algorithm has a faster convergence rate.Further compared with not considering road damage,the result shows that the total delivery time,total cost,and penalty cost are reduced when the road damage is taken into account,which further validates the model the superiority.It is concluded that the proposed model and algorithm can effectively solve the problem of optimizing the distribution route of emergency supplies considering road damage,improve the efficiency of emergency logistics,and reduce the loss caused by the earthquake.