从日本《东音谱》看18世纪初之闽语语音

Observing Min Dialect(闽语)Phonology of the Early 18th Century fromTō'onPu(东音谱)

日本新井白石《东音谱》提供的漳州、泉州、福州三种闽语语料,反映了18世纪初之闽语。作为域外文献,它们可与18、19世纪刊行的《戚林八音》(1749,福州话)《汇音妙悟》(1800,泉州话)《汇集雅俗通十五音》(1818,漳州话)等闽地本土音韵文献进行互证研究。本文通过比较研究得出以下结论:(1)《东音谱》漳州话语料既具有方音性质,同时也混入了官话音成分;(2)《东音谱》三种闽语语料体现的18世纪初之闽语声韵特点,大多与18、19世纪之闽地音韵文献所反映的音系特点一致,实现了中日文献互证,同时也在一定程度上对闽音史的构建起到补充作用。

The three corpora(Zhangzhou,Quanzhou and Fuzhou)in Arai Hakuseki's To'on Pu(东音谱)reflect Min Dialects in the early 18th century.As foreign literature,they can be used for mutual proof research with the local rhyme books of Min Dialects published in the 18th and 19th century,such as Qillin Bayin(戚林八音)(1749,Fuzhou Dialect)and Huiyin Miaowu(汇音妙悟)(1800,Quanzhou Dialeet)and Huiji Yasutong Shivuyin(汇集雅俗通十五音)(1818,Zhangzhou Dialect).This paper draw the following conclusions by comparison:(1)there are not only local phonetic features,but also mixed with the Mandarin characters in the corpus of Zhangzhou Dialect;(2)Most of the phonological features are consistent with those reflected in the local rhyme dictionaries of I8th and 19th century,realizing the mutual verification of intermal and external documents,which supplements the research on the phonological history of Min Dialects to a certain extent.