公共事务治理的广度、深度与力度——需求溢出理论关于政府职能的三维定位论

Breadth,Depth and Strength of Public Affairs Governance——A Micro Theory of Government Function based on Need Spillover Theory

作为改革开放以来我国社会科学界最热门的学术话题之一,政府职能定位在国际上主要受自由主义、国家干预主义与马克思主义三大宏观理论流派的影响。鉴于上述宏观理论在实践层面对于解决政府职能定位问题不够明确,有必要构建一种便于实践操作的关于政府职能的微观理论。由此,需求溢出理论基于自身的理论逻辑,以公共事务为政府职能的定位之锚,提出了一个关于政府职能的三维定位论:以对公共事务的治理广度(即公共事务范围),作为政府职能的横向职责维度;以对公共事务的治理深度(即公共事务治理程度),作为政府职能的纵向职责维度;以对公共事务的治理力度(即公共事务治理的资源支持),作为政府职能的权能维度。由此,政府职能定位等于政府对公共事务治理的广度、深度和力度的定位。

As one of the most popular academic topics in China’s social science since the Reform and Opening-up,the positioning of government functions has been influenced internationally by three major macro-theoretical theories:Liberalism,State interventionism and Marxism.Given that the macro theories mentioned above are not clear enough to solve the problem of governmental functions at the practical level,it is necessary to construct a micro theory of governmental functions that is easy to operate in practice.Thus,based on its own theoretical logic,demand spillover theory takes public affairs as the anchor of government functions and proposes a three-dimensional positioning theory of government functions:the breadth of governance of public affairs (i.e.,the scope of public affairs) as the horizontal dimension of government functions;the depth of governance of public affairs (i.e.,the degree of governance of public affairs) as the vertical dimension of government functions;and the strength of governance of public affairs (i.e.,the resource support of governance of public affairs) as the power dimension of government functions.Thus,the positioning of government functions is equal to the positioning of the breadth,depth and strength of government governance of public affairs.