生物法减缓MBR膜污染的研究进展

Research Progress of Biological Methods to Mitigate MBR Membrane Fouling

膜生物反应器(MBR)因占地面积小、剩余污泥产量少等诸多优点已被广泛运用到水处理中,但膜污染所带来的频繁膜清洗和膜更换提高了MBR的实际运行成本,是制约其发展的主要因素。因此,大量研究致力于发展MBR膜污染的减缓方法,包括物理法、化学法和生物法等;其中,生物法由于具有成本低、环境友好及可持续性等优点而受到广泛关注。对MBR中减缓膜污染的生物控制方法进行了系统分类,重点介绍了群体感应与淬灭技术、能量解偶联、生物酶法、NO诱导法、D-氨基酸抑制法、裂解与捕食六种生物法在MBR中减缓膜污染的最新应用和进展,并根据目前生物法存在的一些问题对其未来的研究方向进行了展望。

Membrane bioreactor(MBR)has been widely used in water treatment due to its advantages such as small floor area and low sludge yield.However,frequent membrane cleaning and membrane replacement caused by membrane fouling increase the actual operating cost of MBR,which are the main factors restricting its development.Therefore,extensive research were devoted to developing mitigation methods for membrane fouling in MBR,including physical,chemical and biological methods.Among them,biological method has been widely concerned because of its advantages such as low cost,environmental friendliness and sustainability.Herein,the biological control methods for membrane fouling mitigation in MBR were systematically classified into quorum sensing/quenching,energy uncoupling,biological enzyme,nitric oxide induction,D-amino acid inhibition,cracking and predation.The latest applications and progress of these kinds of biological methods in MBR were mainly introduced.Moreover,the future research directions of biological methods were prospected according to some problems existing in current researches.