磷酸铁锂电池储能预制舱消防给水设施及设计参数

Fire Water Supply Facilities and Design Parameters of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Energy Storage Prefabricated Cabin

在碳达峰、碳中和背景下,风、光等可再生能源将逐渐成为主导能源,但其发电不连续、不稳定,需要配置储能设施。磷酸铁锂电池储能预制舱在储能市场应用较多,但磷酸铁锂电池热失控风险大,具有较大火灾危险性,而现行的消防设计标准偏低。研究了磷酸铁锂电池的火灾特点及其灭火介质的适用性,确定水基灭火剂是其较好的灭火介质。结合储能电站磷酸铁锂电池模组火灾细水雾灭火实体试验等相关试验成果以及有关储能电站火灾事故教训,研究了适用于磷酸铁锂电池储能预制舱的消防给水措施,提出了相关设计参数。并结合工程实例论述了磷酸铁锂电池储能预制舱消防给水设计方案,即磷酸铁锂电池储能预制舱内设置细水雾灭火系统,着火舱和邻近舱设置外部冷却水系统。

Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization,renewable energy such as wind and light will gradually become the dominant energy.However,its power generation is discontinuous and unstable,which requires to install energy storage facilities.Lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage prefabricated cabin is widely used in the market.However,lithium iron phosphate batteries have high risk of thermal runaway and fire hazard,and the current fire protection design standards are low.The fire characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery and the applicability of fire extinguishing medium were investigated,and water-based fire extinguishing agent was determined to be more suitable to be selected as the extinguishing medium.Based on the results of fire water mist extinguishing test of lithium iron phosphate battery module in energy storage power station and the lessons of fire accident in energy storage power station,the fire water supply measures suitable for lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage prefabricated cabin were explored,and the relevant design parameters were proposed.Combined with engineering examples,the design scheme of fire water supply system for lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage prefabricated cabin was determined:a water mist fire extinguishing system was installed in the energy storage prefabricated cabin,and an external cooling water system was installed in the fire cabin and adjacent cabins.