阅读障碍儿童图画与文本阅读的眼动研究

An Eye Movement Study of Picture and Text Reading in Children with Dyslexia

采用眼动技术对小学中年级阅读障碍儿童和普通儿童阅读图画和文本的眼动进行研究。研究发现阅读障碍儿童和普通儿童的眼动存在差异,具体包括:第一,对文字和图画的热点图分析发现,阅读障碍儿童的注视焦点少于普通儿童;第二,对黑白图画和彩色图画的热点图分析发现,阅读障碍儿童对彩色图画的观看兴趣大于黑白图画;第三,对平均初始注视时间分析发现,阅读障碍儿童进入大字版文本的初始时间快于标准版文本。总之,小学中年级阅读障碍儿童的眼动具有特异性,部分指标落后于普通儿童,可以据此调整对阅读障碍儿童的阅读教学与干预。

The study tested the eye movement characteristics of dyslexic and normal children in the middle grade of primary school in reading words and pictures.The results showed that there were differences in eye movement between dyslexic and normal children.First,we found from the hot spot analysis of words and pictures that the focus of attention of dyslexic children was less than that of normal children.Second,according to the distribution of hot spots in black-and-white pictures and color pictures,dyslexic children were more interested in seeing colored pictures than black-and-white ones.Third,Analysis of the mean initial fixation time revealed that children with dyslexia had a faster initial time to access the large print text than the standard text.In short,the eye movements of children with dyslexia in the middle elementary grade are idiosyncratic,with some indicators lagging behind those of normal children,thus reading instruction and intervention for them can be adjusted accordingly.