反洗钱路径下腐败资产追缴的实现

The Realization of the Recovery of Corrupt Assets under the Path of Anti-money Laundering

反洗钱路径下腐败资产追缴的实现以刑法及其司法解释为规范依据,能够填补腐败资产追缴成效与涉案资金不匹配的缺口,也符合国际权威文件预防与惩治贪贿犯罪的价值导向。“风险为本”的反洗钱行政监管逻辑注重风险等级的类型划分,行政机关以此辨别侵害金融管理秩序并具有违法性的资产漂洗行为,为司法机关追缴腐败资产提供反洗钱情报信息。司法实践中,准确解释洗钱罪的构成要件是适用洗钱罪追缴腐败资产的逻辑前提,加强国际司法合作是追缴腐败资产的必然进路。司法机关运用洗钱罪追缴被漂洗的腐败资产,应以文义解释为基准,结合体系解释、目的解释等多种法律解释方法,将腐败资产及其收益认定为洗钱罪的犯罪对象,并区分自洗钱和他洗钱的客观行为方式。

The recovery of corrupt assets under the anti-money laundering path is based on the criminal law and its judicial interpretation.It can fill the gap between the performance of the recovery of corrupt assets and the funds involved,and also conform to the value orientation of international authoritative documents to prevent and punish corruption and bribery crimes.The“risk-based”anti-money laundering administrative supervision logic focuses on the classification of risk levels.The existence of criminal asset rinsing that violates the financial management order is the premise of the crime of money laundering.A accurately understanding of the elements of money laundering crime is the premise of applying money laundering crime to recover corrupt assets in judicial practice.Strengthening international judicial cooperation is the inevitable way to recover corrupt assets.When judicial organs use the crime of money laundering to recover the rinsed corrupt assets,they should be guided by the purpose of interpretation,identify the corrupt assets and their proceeds as the criminal objects of the crime of money laundering.They should further distinguish between self-money laundering and other objective behaviors of money laundering.