“互联网+政务服务”平台如何优化城市营商环境?——基于互动治理的视角

How Does "Internet+Government Service" Platform Optimize City’s Doing Business Environment? A Study Based on Interactive Governance Perspective

“互联网+政务服务”平台已经成为政府和市场主体互动的重要载体,正在并且还将继续深刻影响营商环境。本文把营商环境变量嵌入到“互联网+政务服务”平台之中,基于互动治理视角探究“互联网+政务服务”平台中的互动治理优化营商环境的内在机理,特别是厘清和揭示政府主体和市场主体的互动意向、互动工具和互动行动优化营商环境的逻辑,并通过手工整理2017~2020年我国241个地级市面板数据进行了实证检验。研究发现:(1)政府主体和市场主体利用“互联网+政务服务”平台通过互动意向、互动工具、互动行动实现有效地互动治理是优化营商环境的关键,而且互动治理三要素不仅独立影响营商环境,还存在链式递进影响机理。同时,互动治理要素间的互补性、平衡性特征也会对营商环境产生影响。(2)政府主体和市场主体的静态参与度、动态参与度,单向信息交流互动、双向信息交流互动,法人政务办理互动、自然人政务办理互动均对营商环境优化产生正向影响。但现阶段我国政府主体和市场主体运用平台时的低水平动态参与度抑制了信息交流互动对营商环境优化的效果。(3)“互联网+政务服务”平台互动治理优化营商环境中间存在着提升政务服务效能与降低交易成本两条中介路径。

The "Internet + government service" platform has become an important carrier for the interaction between the government and market entities.It has a profound impact on the business environment.This paper embeds the doing business environment into the "Internet+government service" platform,and adopts the interactive governance perspective to explore the endogenous mechanism of the "Internet+government service" platform.The interactive governance performs as the interactive image,instrument and action between government entities and market entities and these above-mentioned endogenous mechanisms can optimize the doing business environment.We conducted an empirical test through manually sorted panel data of 241 prefecture-level cities from 2017 to 2020.The research found that:(1) The key to optimizing the doing business environment is the realization of effective interactive governance by government entities and market entities through interactive intentions,interactive tools,and interactive actions in the "Internet+government service" platform.Moreover,the three elements of interactive governance not only independently affect the doing business environment,but also have a chain-type progressive impact mechanism.At the same time,the complementary and balanced characteristics of interactive governance elements will also have an impact on the doing business environment.(2) There are many specific factors of interactive governance have significant and positive effect on doing business.These factors can be clustered into two groups,the first group is about interactions between government entities and market entities,which includes,the static participation,dynamic participation,one-way information exchange and interaction,two-way information exchange and interaction;the second group is about government affairs management interactions which includes legal person and natural person.However,at this stage,the low level of dynamic participation of government entities and market entities in using the platform inhibits the effect of information exchange and interaction on the optimization of the doing business environment.(3) Within the mechanism between "Internet + government service" platform and the doing business optimization,there are two intermediary paths between improving the efficiency of government services and reducing transaction costs.