微生物在农作物秸秆好氧堆肥过程中的研究进展

The Effects of Microorganisms in Aerobic Composting of Crop Straw:Research Progress

为了深入理解秸秆好氧堆肥技术以及进一步探究微生物降解秸秆相关机理,以期提高秸秆资源的综合利用率,本文归纳了农作物秸秆的好氧堆肥降解过程及其影响因素,总结了三类农作物秸秆微生物降解菌以及堆肥过程中降解微生物菌群的群落演替特点,分析了高酶活性外接菌剂在秸秆堆肥过程中的降解效果。在此基础上,笔者认为尽管存在诸多影响堆肥进程的因素,农作物秸秆好氧堆肥仍然具有广阔的应用前景。此外,目前对于堆肥过程中关键微生物的对秸秆的降解作用及机制方面相关研究仍然有限,未来在秸秆好氧堆肥的研究工作中,应进一步深入秸秆堆肥功能微生物降解机制的研究。

In order to deeply understand the straw aerobic composting technology and further explore the related mechanism of microbial degradation of straw,and to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of straw resources,this study summarized the aerobic composting degradation process of crop straw and its influencing factors,and summed up three types of crop-straw degrading bacteria and the community succession characteristics of bacteria in the composting process.The degradation effect of the external inoculants with high enzymatic activity in the process of straw composting was analyzed.On this basis,the authors believed that although there were many factors affecting the composting process,aerobic composting of crop straw still had broad application prospects.In addition,current research on the degradation and mechanism of key microorganisms in the composting process is still limited.In future research work on aerobic composting of straw,the research on the functional microbial degradation mechanism of straw composting should be enhanced.