张东荪的文化主义多元逻辑观评析——兼论张氏的比较研究法

Zhang Dongsun’s Pluralistic Logic of Culturalism:Zhang’s Method of Comparative Study

张东荪在其多元文化观的理论框架下提出了一种多元的逻辑观,主张文化决定逻辑,不同的文化和文化的不同方面可以产生不同的逻辑;同时他还主张在中西思想比较研究中采用比较而非比附的研究方法,强调了不同民族文化的特殊性。张东荪基于文化主义的多元逻辑观为中国逻辑史和中西比较逻辑的研究提供了新的视角,但也存在一些局限。在中西逻辑比较研究中,比较法相对于比附,有利于在尊重中国文化独立性的前提下,全面、准确地把握中国古代逻辑思想,但在实际运用中发挥比较法相对比附的优势仍面临诸多困难,比较法依然难以完全摆脱比附的缺陷。

Zhang Dongsun put forward a pluralistic logic view under the theoretical framework of his pluralistic view of culture,arguing that culture determines logic,different cultures and its aspects produce alternative logic.Meanwhile,he also advocated the use of comparison rather than analogy in the comparative study of Chinese and Western thoughts,with emphases on the particularity in national cultures.Zhang Dongsun’s multiple logic based on culturalism provides a new perspective for the study of Chinese logic history and comparative logic between China and the West,but there are some limitations.In the comparative study of Chinese and Western logic,comparative method is conducive to a comprehensive and accurate grasp of ancient Chinese logical thought under the premise of respecting the independence of Chinese culture.However,there are still many challenges in the practical application of comparative method,and getting rid of the defects of analogy.