多重障碍儿童的学习提示策略及家庭运用

“Learning Prompt”Strategies for Children with Multiple Disabilities and Their Application in Families

在多重障碍儿童家庭教育中,学习提示策略是习得新技能的有效支持方法之一。行为主义理论认为,提示也是一种刺激反应,是能够增强儿童做出正确反应的行为。家长要熟悉学习提示的类型、延宕反应及相应的模式。学习提示一般分为身势提示、口语提示、图形提示、示范性提示、肢体提示和综合性提示等。延宕反应一般分为恒时延宕、渐进延宕两种。提示模式反映了学习提示运用的有序性和可操作性,可分为递减式提示模式和递增式提示模式。

“Learning prompt”strategies in homeschooling are one of the effective ways for the acquisition of new skills by children with multiple disabilities.Behaviorist theory suggests that a prompt is a stimulus behaviour,which enhances the child’s ability to respond correctly.Parents need to be familiar with the different forms of prompts,time delay,and the system of prompts.Learning prompts can be classified as gestural,verbal,pictorial,model,physical and mixed.The system of prompts are a systematic and functional approach and are divided into least-to-most and most-to-least.