氮代谢参与植物低氮胁迫研究进展

Nitrogen Metabolism Involved in Low Nitrogen Stress in Plants:A Review

环境的日益恶化迫使人们放弃高肥生产的观念,转向低肥绿色环保生产的理念。本文主要从低氮胁迫下氮代谢相关的酶、氮素同化途径、初级代谢、次级代谢以及氮代谢相关基因五方面综述了植物体内不同的代谢水平、形态、生理和分子响应,探讨了不同生长阶段植物的耐低氮策略,阐述了氮利用效率(NUE)相关的酶及其调控过程抵御氮胁迫过程中的作用机理。本文提出今后可针对不同植物或同一植物的不同生长期的低氮耐受差异,以及关键基因表达产物之间的关系,从多学科、多角度系统全面的研究植物在低氮胁迫下的分子响应机制,为氮代谢参与植物低氮胁迫研究提供理论参考。

The increasing deterioration of the environment has forced people to abandon the concept of highfertilizer production and shift to the concept of low-fertilizer green production.This study reviewed different metabolic levels,and morphological,physiological and molecular responses of plants from five aspects:enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism,nitrogen assimilation pathways,primary metabolism,secondary metabolism and nitrogen metabolism-related genes under low nitrogen stress,discussed the low nitrogen tolerance strategies of plants at different growth stages,and expounded the enzymes related to nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)and their regulatory mechanism in the process of resisting nitrogen stress.It is proposed that in the future,according to the differences of low nitrogen tolerance of different plants or different growth periods of the same plant,and the relationship of key gene expression products,the molecular response mechanisms of plants under low nitrogen stress could be systematically and comprehensively studied from multiple disciplines and perspectives,so as to provide theoretical reference for the research on plant nitrogen metabolism involved in low nitrogen stress.